Pioneer Electronic Corporation
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Pioneer Electronic Corporation was founded before World War II, but until 1960 it was called Fukuin Shokai Denki Seisakusho. Initially, the company dealt with the repair of loudspeakers, and then started to design and manufacture them (in the 60s and 70s, it produced excellent PAX loudspeakers). The decade of the 1950s was a period of dynamic development of PIONEER and entering the audio market. Initially, monophonic equipment was produced and exported to Australia, the USA and other countries. From the end of the 1950s, the production of tube stereo devices began on the basis of these devices. Stereo receivers were the most popular. PIONEER produced a wide range of these devices working in the "multicast" system, later to be added inside the decoder in the MPX system. The design was changed with minimal changes to the electronics. PIONEER's production can be divided into low power sets - ECL82, medium power - ECL86 or EL84 tubes and high power ones - 7591 or 7868 tubes. Chronologically, the first stereo products belonged to the SM-Bxxx series (where xxx stands for numbers). The power amplifiers worked in a Push & Pull arrangement using 6BM8 / ECL82 tubes and were powered from a half-wave rectifier on a 5AR4 / GZ34 tube duodiode. The SM-G2xx models with ECL86 terminals were a higher class of products. Power supply similar to the SM-B2xx and also a very distinctive design. The most powerful models were the SM-Qxxx series with EL84 lamps. PIONEER resigned from the tube rectifier and the receiver was powered by a voltage doubler based on silicon diodes. All these receivers had a very distinctive design in a variety of mostly pastel colors with plastic knobs. The differences between the models of one series were, in addition to a different appearance, the use of different tuning indicators - lamps of the "magic eye" type. The receivers working in "multicast" had either a double 6GE12 "mesh" or two 6E5 tubes. Those, in turn, working in the stereo MPX had a "eye" type 6R-E13 (functional equivalent of the EM84). The external MPX tube decoders with the MX-x symbols complemented those of the first receivers that worked in the "multicast" system. These models were followed by the SX-xx (x) series receivers, but without any order in the numbering. All SXs worked in the MPX stereo system and generally their design was based on the previous models. First of all, the design was changed by introducing an aluminum front panel and increasing the scale size on it. The smallest power and size of the receiver was the SX-34 (and its version 34B, another name LX-34 or Allied 333), and the largest was the SX-110 model with 7868 output tubes. PIONEER introduced the largest number of stereo tube receivers on the market. This happened, among others, thanks to the massive use of modules by the company - the MPX decoder and the FM head. For example, a tube stereo decoder module was produced in at least four versions. All modules had the letter AM and three numbers. Pioneer ceased production of tube devices at the end of the 1960s, replacing them with almost simultaneous transistor versions in identical housings. | ||||||||
SX-800 |
SX-110 |
MX-A1 |
TX-400 |
SM-83 |
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